（高考前18天）高三英语知识点综合训练

高考综合复习：Book 1 Unit 7---9
　
重点词汇、短语与句型:
1.in ruins  成为废墟
2.bring…back to life  使苏醒，使生动
3.pull down 拆毁，推翻
4.set up 设立, 创立
5.stand for  代表, 象征，支持

6.because of 由于，因为
7.speed skating  速滑
8.track and field 　 田径
9.would rather 　宁愿，宁可
10.take part in  参加

11.in preparation for为…做准备
12.stay in touch with 　 与…保持联系
13.call for　 要求，需要
14.according to 　按照
15.take over　接收，接管

16.succeed (in) doing sth.　 成功地干成某事
17.break down 毁掉，坏掉，中止
18.send…into space 　把…送入太空
19.give in 屈服
20.be under attack遭到进攻

21.every +数词+名词 每…
22.in modern times  在现代
23.compete in… 参加…比赛
24.come up with…　 找到，提出
25.stone by stone 　一块石头、一块石头地
26.be marked with 　上面标有…
27.more than 不仅仅是
28.change one’s behavior 　改变某人的行为方式
29.do one’s best (to do sth.)　尽力做某事
do all/everything sb. can (to do sth.) 做某人所能做的一切（来做某事）
do what sb. can to help sb. 尽某人所能去帮某人

30.on the go 忙个不停，跑来跑去
31.add 的用法
32.an electronic calendar　 电子日历
33.during one’s lifetime 　在某人的一生中
34.cultural relics　 文化遗产
35.the same as 　同…一样

36.win a gold medal　获得金牌
37.be based on以…为基础
38.dare的用法
39.important events in history　 历史上的重大事件
40.a sports star profile　体育明星特写

41.light the torch点燃火炬
42.dream about a better future　 梦想一个更好的未来
43.提出意见和建议：
Why not…?
Why don’t you…?
What/How about…?
Shall we…?
Maybe we could…
I’d like to…
Can’t we…？

44.同意和不同意：
Absolutely.
That’s exactly what I was thinking.
That’s a good point.
That’s just how I see it.
That’s worth thinking about.
I disagree./Well, yes, but…
You can’t be serious.
Well ,I’m not so sure about that.

单元知识点归纳：
1.
in case 　（adv. ＆ conj. ）以防，万一
in case of sth. 假如，以防发生某事
in this/ that case　在这种／那种情况下
in no case　 决不
in any case　无论如何，总之
in the case of 　就…而言，至于，在…情况下

eg.
⑴In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.万一发生火灾，请拉响火警铃。
⑵Please take an umbrella, in case it rains.请带上雨伞以防下雨。
⑶Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting.乘坐出租车吧，以防开会迟到。
⑷I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some in case.
我觉得用不着钱，但还是带上一些以防万一。

⑸In no case should you give up learning English.　你决不要放弃学习英语。
⑹In any case , I’ll go and have a look for myself.　无论如何我要亲自去看一看。
⑺In that case, the whole house would be on fire.如果那样的话，整个房子就会着火。
⑻In the case of money itself, it’s no good or bad. 就钱本身而言，没有好与坏之分

注：case 可表达多种意思：
⑴That isn’t the case with Peter.彼得的情况并不如此（情况，情形）。
⑵The case will be tried in the court next week.下周要审这个案子（案情，案例）。
⑶The worst cases have been sent to hospital.情况最严重的患者已被送往医院（患者，病人）。

高考题例:
①
----I’m afraid Mr. Wood can’t see you until 4 o’clock.
----Oh, _____ I won’t wait.(2005全国高考浙江卷)
A. no doubt　 B. after all C. in that case　 D. in this way

分析：从语境中可理解题意为“要是那样的话，我就不等了”。
答案：C

②I always take something to read when I go to the doctor’s ______ I have to wait.(2005全国高考卷二)
A. in case　 B. so that　C. in order D. as if

分析:由句意可知“当我去医务室时总要带上点东西,以防等待” .in case “以防”, so that “为了”。
答案:A

2.
use …as　…把某物当作…使用
be used to do 被用于…
used to do 过去常常
be/ get used to sth./ doing sth. 习惯于…

eg.
⑴Wood can be used to make desks and chairs.　木头可以被用来制作桌椅。
⑵In ancient times, people used stones as tools for farming.
古代，人民常用石头作为捕食动物的工具。
⑶He used to play a funny role in TV plays.他过去常在电视剧中扮演滑稽的角色。
⑷He has got used to spending his holidays in the countryside.他已习惯于在乡下渡假了。
⑸We used to work in the same workshop.　我们过去在同一个车间工作。

be used to doing sth. 可用quite来修饰。如果强调由不同习惯到习惯这一过程的动作，常用get或become代替。如：
⑴He has become used to staying up late. 他已习惯于熬夜了。
⑵The food in England is strange at first but you’ll soon get used to it.
英国食物乍一吃很不习惯，但不久就能适应了。　
⑶After three months she had got used to the extreme heat.
三个月以后她就适应酷热的环境了。

3.remind vt. 提醒，使想起
常用于下列句型：
remind sb. of sth.
remind （sb.）that…
remind sb. to do sth.

eg.
⑴He reminds me of his brother. 他使我想起了他的哥哥。
⑵I reminded him to answer that letter.我提醒他要回信。
⑶I reminded him that he must go home before dark.我提醒他必须要在天黑前回家。
⑷Remind me to take my medicine tomorrow.提醒我明天带着药。
⑸The song reminds me of France.这首歌使我想起了法国。
⑹Travellers are reminded that malaria tablets are advisable.
旅客须知要服用预防疟疾药。

﹡reminder n. 使某人回想起某事或某人的事物；提示
⑴The statue is a lasting reminder of Churchill’s greatness.
这尊塑像使人永远缅怀丘吉尔的伟大功绩。
⑵The waiters were cleaning the tables , which served as a reminder that it was time to leave.服务员在收拾桌子，提醒顾客该走了。

高考题例:
In our childhood, we were often _______ by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.（2005全国高考江苏卷）
A. demanded B. reminded C. allowed D. hoped

分析:从4个选项看,均为过去分词形式。那么,只需对句意理解和对4个过去分词的动词原形词义辨析便可选对。从题干所提供的语境看,可以排除C项,再从动词搭配来考虑,A项和D项都只能用不定式来直接作宾语,只有remind可接动词不定式作宾语补足语。
答案: B

4.
add …to …在…中加上
add to… 　增加，加强
add up 加起来
add up to…总共，总共有

eg.
⑴If you add five to five, you get ten.　五加五得十。
⑵Don’t add fuel to the flame.　不要火上加油。
⑶I added sugar to tea.　我往茶里加了糖。
⑷Every time I added up these figures I got a different answer.
每次加起这些数字，我得到的答案都不一样。
⑸Your carelessness added to our difficulty.　你的粗心增加了我们的困难。
⑹His whole schooling added up to no more than one year.他受到的全部学校教育加起来不超过一年。
⑺Travel adds to our understanding of the world.旅游增加了我们对世界的了解。

5.late adj. ＆ adv. 迟的，晚的
later是late的比较级， adv. 后来（常用于词组later on）
latest 　是late的最高级，“最新的，最近的”（可用于词组at the latest“最迟”）
lately最近（=recently）
latter 　后者

eg.
⑴She is always dressed in the latest fashion.　她总是穿最新款的时装。
⑵ We have been doing lots of gardening lately.　近来我们做了很多园艺工作。
⑶ His latest novel is a great success.　他最近出版的小说十分成功。
⑷At first things went well, but later on we ran into trouble.
起初事情进展的很顺利，但后来我们遇到了困难。
⑸One can travel by ship or plane. Most people choose the latter.
乘船或乘飞机去均可，人们多取后者。
⑹Passengers should check in one hour before their flight time at the latest.
乘客至迟应在班机起飞前一小时办理登机手续。
⑺I sat up late last night. 昨夜我一直呆到很晚。

6.under attack 遭受攻击
under　表示“在…（状态）中，在…（情况）下”

eg.
⑴The city was under attack for 100 days. 这座城市被围困了一百天。
⑵The patrol came under attack from all sides.巡逻队遭到来自四面八方的攻击。
⑶The road is under repair and is closed to motor traffic.这条公路正在维修，禁止机动车辆通行。
⑷The problem is under discussion. 这个问题正在讨论中。
⑸The building is under construction.大楼正在建设中。
⑹The subject is under study.这个课题正在研究着。

7.
give in（vi.）　投降，屈服，让步
give in to…　（vt.）　 向…让步，迁就
give up ( sth./ doing sth.) （vt.＆ vi.）　放弃，不再做（某事）
give off： send out or emit sth.　 送出或发出某物
give sth./ sb. away 赠送，有意或无意泄露某事物或出卖某人
give out 用完，消耗尽

eg.
⑴She gave away state secrets to the enemy.她将国家机密泄露给敌人了。
⑵He gave away most of his money to charity.他把大部分钱捐给了慈善事业。
⑶After a month their food supplies gave out.过了一个月，他们的食物已消耗殆尽。
⑷The teacher gave out the examination papers.老师分发了考试卷。
⑸One of the plane’s engines gave out in mid-Atlantic.
飞机在大西洋中部飞行时，其中一个发动机出了故障。

⑹The authorities showed no signs of giving in to the kidnapper’s demands.
当局对绑架者的要求丝毫没有让步的迹象。
⑺The rebels were forced to give in.叛乱者被迫投降。
⑻The cooker is giving off a funny smell.锅里冒出股怪味。
⑼The fire doesn’t seem to be giving off much heat.这炉火好像不太热。
⑽Believe in yourself and never give in.相信你自己，别屈服。
⑾The soldier didn’t give in to the enemy.这个士兵没有向敌人屈服。

高考题例:
①Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may ______ the shocking ending.（2002北京高考）
A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off

分析:give away此处为“泄露(秘密等)”,give out/off发出,give up放弃。
答案:A

②What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world had _____?（2005全国高考山东卷）
A. given out B. put out C. held out D. used up

分析:give out指“分发,放出,用光”, put out指“生产,出版,扑灭,提供”, hold out“举起,阻挡,使停顿”, use up“耗尽,耗费”。根据句意这里表示“耗尽,用光”,容易仅根据句意而误选D.但如果用 use up,需要用被动语态; give out表示“耗尽,用光”时是不及物的,不用被动语态.
答案:A

8.include：vt. “包括，列在里面”
including：　“包括”用在名词之前，表主动意义
included：　 “被包括”用在名词或代词之后，表被动意义
比较：contain着重指作为组成部分而被包含在内，可指具体的或抽象的事物。
include 　用法较广，它的宾语是所包含的部分内容，指整体中的一部分，通常用来附加或补充说明

eg.
⑴The tour includes a visit to the Science Museum.　这次参观包括去科学馆。
⑵All of us, including me/ me included, have read this book.所有的人，包括我在内，都看过这本书。
⑶Your duties will include putting the children to bed.哄小孩入睡也将是你工作的一部分。
⑷The band played many songs, including some of my favourites.
（= The band played many songs, some of my favourites included.）
这支乐队演奏了许多歌曲，其中有我最喜欢的。
⑸The box contains only a few warm-weather clothes.　这个箱子里只有几件热天穿的衣服。
⑸We all went , myself included.（=We all went, including me.）　我们都去了，其中包括我。
⑹I think you’ll find the plan includes most of your suggestion.
我想你会发现这个计划包括了你的大部分建议。