（高考前18天）高三英语知识点综合训练

高考综合复习：Book 1 Unit 10---12
重点词汇、短语与句型：
1.in danger 在危险中
2.die out 　灭绝，逐渐消失
3.as a result of作为…的结果
4.lead to　 导致
5.take measures 采取措施

6.adapt to　适应
7.at present现在，目前
8.devote to 献身于…，专心于
9.make a difference有关系，有影响
10.in the wild  在自然环境中

11.throw away　 扔掉
12.in common共同（的），共有（的）
13.turn …into  把…变成
14.become endangered　 变的处境危险，受到危害
15.before 的用法

16.set free释放
17.reduce 的用法
18.respond to  回答，对…作出反应
19.give advice 提出建议
20.a large amount of　 大量的

21.spread的用法
22.to　 表示“伴随，按照”
23.a series of  一连串的，一系列，一套
24.in trouble 　处于困境
25.come across　偶然遇见,碰见

26.believe in　 信任，信仰
27.turn around  转过身来
28.not just…but…　不仅…而且…
29.原因和结果：
Why…?
Because/As/Since
Because of … , I …
If…, then…
As a result of…
It follows that…

30.做出决定和看法：
I’d prefer to…
Which do you prefer, …or …?
Can’t we…?
There are several things we could do.

知识点归纳：
1.before 从属连词，“在…之前”，但在具体的句子中，译法多种多样。
表示“…才…” “没来得及…就” “…后…才…”
eg.
⑴He measured me before I could get in a word.没等我插上一句话他就给我量好了尺寸。
⑵She was angry before I could explain to her.我还没来得及向她解释，她就生气了。
⑶He asked a second question before I could answer the first question.
我还没来得及回答第一个问题，他又问了一个问题。

⑷I hadn’t waited long before he came.我没等多久他就来了。
⑸We can leave early in the morning before it gets too hot.
不等天太热，我们一大清早就出发。
⑹They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.
他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子买下来。
⑺We walked a whole day before we got to the forest.我们走了一整天才到了森林。

*before 还常用于下列句型：
It won’t be …before…用不了（多长时间）就会…
It will be…before…　 得过（多长时间）才…
It wasn’t …before…　没过（多长时间）就…
It was…before…　 过了（多长时间）才…

⑴It will be a long time before we finish the task.我们还需要很长时间才能完成这项任务。
⑵It wasn’t long before he learned to use the computer.不久他就学会使用计算机了。
⑶It was some time before he told me about this affair.过了一段时间之后他告诉了我这件事。
⑷It won’t be long before we meet again.不久之后我们还会再见面的。

高考题链接：
①Someone called me up in the middle of night, but they hung up_________ I could answer the phone.（NMET2000）
A. as　 B. since  C. until D. before

分析：根据语境，“半夜有人给我打了电话”以及“but”一词的语气（表转折），可知“我还没来得及接，电话就挂断了”。
答案：D

②The American Civil War lasted four years______ the North won in the end.（2005广东高考）
A. after B. before C. when D. then

分析：本句意为“美国国内战争持续了四年，北方才最终获胜”。after和when在此句中做连接词，不符和上下文的语境。then是副词，意为“然后”，如选D，要在then前加连词and。
答案：B

2.devote vt. 致力于，把…专用于…
*常用于以下结构：(其中的to 是介词，因此其后面应接sth./doing sth..)
devote oneself to …
devote one’s life to…
devote time to …
devote money to…
devote energy to…
be devoted to…

eg.
⑴He has devoted his whole life to science.他把一生都献给了科学事业。
⑵I don’t think it worthwhile to devote so much time to discussing the matter.
我认为要花这么多时间来讨论这件事不值得。
⑶They devoted all their hours to working in their laboratory.
他们把所有的时间都投入到实验室的工作中。

⑷He devoted himself to protecting the wild animals.他致力于保护野生动物。
⑸Mr. Smith devoted all his life to helping the disabled.史密斯毕生致力于帮助残疾人。
⑹The newly married couple living next door to us are devoted to sports.
住在我们隔壁的那对新婚夫妇非常喜欢体育运动。
⑺The magazine is devoted to science.这本杂志专门刊载科技文章。

*devoted adj. 献身…的，专心于…的；忠实的
eg.
⑴He is a devoted son.他是一个孝子。
⑵She is a devoted wife and mother.她是一个贤妻良母。
⑶He is devoted to his children.他深爱他的孩子。

高考题链接：
Although the working mother is very busy, she still ________ a lot of time to children.（2000上海高考）
A. devotes B. spends C. offers D. provides

分析：根据语境，“尽管母亲工作忙，她仍然把好多时间用在孩子身上”。四个选项中只有devote和spend可以表示“某人花时间…”，而spend 用于spend time （in） doing sth.结构，所以此处应用
devote one’s time to （把时间用于…）。
答案：A

3.danger n. 危险
常用于以下词组中：
in danger 　 　在危险中（指句子主语的处境危险）
in danger of… 有…的危险
in no danger　 没有危险
in great danger 　 十分危险
out of danger　脱险

eg.
⑴His life is in danger.他生命有危险。
⑵The workers in danger have been rescued.处于危险中的工人已被解救。
⑶They were in danger of death.他们有死亡的危险。
⑷She is in danger of losing her job.她有失去工作的危险。

⑸He was seriously ill a few days ago, but he is now out of danger.
他几天前病得很厉害，但现在已脱离危险期了。
⑹The doctor told the patient that he was in no danger/ out of danger.
医生告诉病人他已脱离危险。
⑺Ships out in this storm are in great danger.轮船在这种风暴中出航要冒极大的危险。

*类似的词组有：
(be) in work 在业，有工作
(be) out of work失业，无工作
(be) at work 表示（人）正在工作，从事于，（机器）正在运转

eg.
⑴He is in work again. 他又有工作了。
⑵The workers out of work are on strike.失业的工人在罢工。
⑶My father was at work at that time.我父亲当时在工作。
⑷The new machine is at work.这台新机器在运转。

*dangerous adj. “危险的”， 指主语本身会给周围的人或物造成的危险。
dangerously 　 adv.
eg.
⑴The river is dangerous for swimmers. 在这条河里游泳有危险。
⑵He is a dangerous guy .他是个危险人物。
⑶That machine is dangerous : the wiring is faulty.这个机器危险：电线有毛病。
⑷The busy road is dangerous to small children.道路拥挤繁忙，对小孩太危险。
⑸The man was driving dangerously.那名男子在危险驾驶。

*endanger v. 危害，危及（某人/ 某事物），使遭受危险
eg.
⑴The oil spill endangered thousands of birds.石油的溢泄危及成千上万的鸟儿。
⑵The polluted air in the city is badly endangering the health of the people.
城市中被污染的空气严重地危及人民的健康。
⑶Drunk-drinking can not only cause traffic accidents, but also endanger the lives of pedestrians.酒后驾车不仅会造成交通事故，而且会危害到行人的生命。

考题链接：
It seemed that he was _____ losing his life. Luckily, he was ____ in the end.
A. in the danger of; out of danger
B. in danger of; out of danger
C. in the danger of; out of the danger
D. in danger of; out of the danger

分析：根据句意：看起来他似乎有失去工作的危险，幸运的是，他最终脱离了险境。
in danger of doing sth.有…的危险，其反义词为out of danger。
答案：B

4.to 介词，按…… 节拍；伴随。如：
⑴She often sings to the piano.她常用钢琴伴唱。
⑵This type of music has become very famous in Britain and is very good music to dance to.
这种音乐在英国很有名，是很好的舞蹈音乐。
⑶The students are doing eye exercises to music.学生们正在跟着音乐做眼保健操。
⑷The map was drawn to scale.这地图是按比例绘制的。

其他to短语：
grow to a length of 15 meters 　 长到15米
dive to a depth of 1000 meters 　潜入到1000米深
wet to the skin 　湿透
be moved to tears 感动得流泪
be frozen to death 　 冻僵
fight to the last man 战斗到最后一人

5.satisfy vt.
*使（某人）满意或满足；
eg.
⑴Nothing satisfies him; he’s always complaining.他对什么都不满意，总是抱怨。
⑵That answer won’t satisfy her.那样的答复不会使她满意。

*满足（需要、愿望等），达到（要求等）
eg.
⑴She has satisfied the conditions for entry into the college.她已符合进入这所学院的条件。
⑵They tried to satisfy the needs of the people for vegetables.他们尽量满足人们对蔬菜的需求。

*satisfied adj. （感到）满意的
satisfying adj. 令人满意的
satisfaction 　n.
常用短语：
be satisfied with/ that…
to one’s satisfaction 使某人满意的是

eg.
⑴I’m satisfied with you/ your answer/ what you said.我对你/ 你的答复/你所说的话很满意。
⑵She is quite satisfied now that his letter has come.他的信收到了，她感到相当满意。
⑶She gave a satisfied smile. 她露出了满意的笑容。
⑷I felt quite satisfied after my big meal.我这顿饭吃的很多，觉得很饱。

⑸It was a satisfying result.这是一个令人满意的结果。
⑹This is a satisfying job.这是一个令人满意的工作。
⑺I expressed my satisfaction with these clothes.我对这些衣服表示满意。
⑻To our satisfaction, he solved the problem alone.令我们满意的是，他独自解决了难题。

*介词with 常与某些动词的过去分词连用，构成比较固定的搭配，但译成汉语却很灵活。如：
be filled with充满…
be crowded with 　挤满…
be covered with 　覆盖着…
be equipped with　装备有…
be piled with 堆满…

高考链接：
Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does ______ his boss.（2000北京、安徽春季高考）
A. serves B. satisfied C. promise D. supports

分析：根据题意：“Nick正在寻找另一份工作，因为他所做的一切都不能使老板满意”以及各个选项的词义（serve为…服务，promise承诺，support支持），可知选satisfied。

6.measure v. 测量，量度，判定
eg.
⑴The tailor measured me for suit.裁缝给我量尺寸做衣服。
⑵It’s hard to measure his ability when we haven’t seen his works.
我们没有看到他的作品很难估计他的能力。
⑶His eyes measured the newcomer from top to bottom.他的眼上下打量看新来的人。
⑷Did you measure the distance?你量过这段距离吗？

*measure n. “尺寸，标准，措施”，常用于下列短语：
make sth. to measure 定做
take measures 采取措施
be measured in +计量单位的复数形式 用…（作为计量单位）

eg.
⑴A metre is a measure of length.米是长度单位。
⑵The tailor made a suit to my measure.裁缝为我定做了西装。
⑶The government took measures to stop pollution.政府已采取措施防止污染。

⑷The authorities took measures to prevent tax fraud.当局已采取措施防止偷税漏税。
⑸The energy is measured in calories.能量是以卡为单位计量的。
⑹It seems that the dress is made to her measure.好像这连衣裙是给她定做的。

考题链接：
What measures were ____ to reduce the air pollution in that area then?
A.acted B.taken C.given D.done

分析：采取措施：take measures，本题用于被动语态。
答案：B.